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Friday, March 2, 2018

Red Zone (Sega Genesis)


Red Zone was a top-down shooter developed by Zyrinx, distributed by Time Warner and released for the Sega Genesis in 1994. Zyrinx itself makes for an interesting story. It was a development studio originally formed from two Amiga demo groups in Europe that relocated to Boston. They developed two games for the Genesis including this one and Subterrania which was released the previous year.
The plot of Red Zone centers around a guy who steals some nuclear weapons from the USSR and is threatening to destroy the world. Your job, of course, is to stop him. During most of the game you will be flying a helicopter armed mostly with cannons and missiles. However, you will be on foot for some parts of the game.
Red Zone has gotten pretty mixed reviews over the years. Early on, magazines gave it pretty mediocre reviews, citing the difficulty and poor control of the ground segments. More recent reviews are much more positive overall. The game features some pretty brilliant graphics and effects for the Genesis including rotation, real-time zoom, and full motion video compression among others. The helicopter sequences are excellent but the ground sequences take some getting used to. At the end of the day, if you want a VERY challenging top-down 16-bit shooter that was state of the art at the time and impressive even today, then you'll have a hard time doing better than Red Zone.
Red Zone does not have any sequels or re-releases on modern platforms and it was only ever released for the Genesis. However, the original beta version of the game, called Hardwired, was made freely available by the developer. I'm not really sure what the differences are between this beta version and the final version. Loose carts of Red Zone can be found for not too terribly high prices and both Red Zone and Hardwired can be found easily enough if you want to play on an emulator. The above ad is from the February 1995 issue of Electronic Gaming Monthly.

Brevard Renaissance Fair 2018 - Stary Olsa - Part 10 (Fatalia Blazienska)

Brevard Renaissance Fair 2018 - Stary Olsa - Part 10 (Fatalia Blazienska)




Thursday, March 1, 2018

Groupthink on Climate Change Ignores Inconvenient Facts

Since we’ve now been living with the global warming story for 30 years, it might seem hard to believe that science could now come up with anything that would enable us to see that story in a wholly new light.

But that is what I am suggesting in a new paper, just published in the UK by the Global Warming Policy Foundation, thanks to a book called Groupthink, written more than 40 years ago by a professor of psychology at Yale, Irving Janis.

What Janis did was to define scientifically just how what he called groupthink operates, according to three basic rules. And what my paper tries to show is the astonishing degree to which they explain so much that many have long found puzzling about the global warming story.


What Is Groupthink?

Janis’s first rule is that a group of people come to share a particular way of looking at the world which may seem hugely important to them but which turns out not to have been based on looking properly at all the evidence. It is therefore just a shared, untested belief.

Rule two is that, because they have shut their minds to any evidence which might contradict their belief, they like to insist that it is supported by a “consensus.” The one thing those caught up in groupthink cannot tolerate is that anyone should question it.

This leads on to the third rule, which is that they cannot properly debate the matter with those who disagree with their belief. Anyone holding a contrary view must simply be ignored, ridiculed, and dismissed as not worth listening to.

What my paper does is look again at the entire global warming story in the light of Janis’s rules, and to show how consistently they explain so much of the way it has unfolded all the way through.


A Brief History of Climate Change

The alarm over man-made climate change first exploded on the world in 1988 by a tiny group of scientists who had become convinced that, because both CO2 levels and global temperatures were rising, one must be the cause of the other. Unless something very drastic was done, they urged, the planet was heading for catastrophe.

In November that year, two of these fervent believers in what they called “human-induced climate change” were authorized to set up the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the IPCC. This would report to the world’s politicians on the basis of computer models programmed, according to their theory, to predict just how fast the world was likely to heat up over the next 100 years.

With startling speed, their theory was soon proclaimed as being supported by a scientific “consensus,” backed by governments, all the main scientific journals and institutions, environmental pressure groups, and the media.


Questioning the "Consensus"

In fact, right from the start, many scientists, like the eminent physicist Richard Lindzen of MIT, were highly skeptical, both of the theory itself and of those computer models. These, as Lindzen wrote, were so narrowly focused on CO2 that they were far too simplistic to allow for all the other natural factors which shape the earth’s climate.

But such dissenters were ignored. And for nearly 20 years the “consensus” rolled on, ever more extreme in its apocalyptic claims, with each new IPCC report scarier than the last. By 2006, Al Gore’s An Inconvenient Truth was outdoing them all.

Anyone daring to question the “consensus” was now being vilified as just an “anti-science denier,” no better than those crazies who deny the reality of the Nazi Holocaust.

Just then, however, the story was beginning to change. It was noted that, since the abnormally hot year of 1998, caused by a record El Nino, global temperatures had not risen at all. Those computer models had not predicted this.

Even more significant, thanks to the internet, expert science blogs were now appearing, able to show that not a single one of the claims from the “consensus” — vanishing Arctic ice, disappearing polar bears, unprecedented hurricanes, floods, droughts, etc. — was supported by the factual evidence.


Calling the Bluff

By 2009, the “consensus” was facing considerable embarrassment with the highly damaging Climategate emails between the little group of scientists at the heart of the IPCC followed by the collapse in disarray of the great Copenhagen climate conference.

Then there was the spate of scandals surrounding the IPCC itself when it was revealed some of the scariest predictions of its latest report had not been based on proper science at all, but only on more hysterical claims by climate activists.

Finally, in Paris in 2015, came what I describe as the crux of the whole story. This was yet another great global conference to decide what the world must do to avert catastrophe.

Every nation had been asked in advance to submit its energy plans for the years up to 2030. The West, led by President Obama and the EU, dutifully pledged that it would be cutting its “carbon emissions” by up to 40 percent.

But from the rest of the world, a totally different story emerged. China, by now the world’s largest CO2 emitter, was planning to build so many new coal-fired power stations that by 2030 its emissions would have doubled. India, the third largest emitter, was planning to triple them. Altogether global emissions by 2030 were set to rise by a staggering 46 percent.

The rest of the world was just giving two fingers to the “consensus” and planning to carry on regardless. But not one Western leader mentioned this until 2017 when President Trump gave it as his reason for pulling the US out of that meaningless “Paris Accord.”

In effect, Trump was thus finally calling the bluff of the groupthink which for 30 years had driven the whole global warming scare. If other Western countries wanted to commit economic suicide, that was their affair. But the rest of the world was no longer taken in by it, and the US was now with them.

Reprinted from CapX.


Christopher Booker


Christopher Booker is a columnist for The Sunday Telegraph.

This article was originally published on FEE.org. Read the original article.



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Games For Windows (December 2007)

Games For Windows (December 2007)